Misoprostol Uses: What It Treats, How It Works, and What You Need to Know

When you hear misoprostol, a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analog used primarily to prevent gastric ulcers and induce uterine contractions. Also known as Cytotec, it’s one of those medications that does more than what’s printed on the label. Originally developed by G.D. Searle in the 1980s to protect the stomach lining from NSAID damage, misoprostol quickly became known for something else entirely—its powerful effect on the uterus. Today, it’s used in clinics and homes around the world for reasons far beyond its original purpose.

Its role in medical abortion, a non-surgical method to end early pregnancies using a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol is well-documented by WHO and major health agencies. In places where abortion access is limited, misoprostol alone can be effective up to 12 weeks of pregnancy. But it’s not just for abortion. Doctors also use it to induce labor, a process of starting contractions to begin childbirth when a pregnancy goes past term or when there’s a medical need to deliver. It’s cheaper, easier to store than other options, and works without needing IV drips or hospital equipment.

Outside of reproductive health, misoprostol for ulcers, a protective agent that reduces stomach acid and boosts mucus production remains a standard use, especially for people on long-term NSAIDs like ibuprofen or naproxen. It’s not a cure for existing ulcers, but it helps prevent new ones from forming. The dosage here is much lower than what’s used for abortion or labor—usually 200 mcg taken four times a day with meals.

But it’s not without risks. Common side effects include cramping, diarrhea, nausea, and heavy bleeding. In rare cases, it can cause uterine rupture or severe allergic reactions. That’s why it’s never recommended to self-prescribe. Even when used for abortion, it should be done with clear guidance—knowing the right dose, timing, and signs of complications can mean the difference between safety and emergency.

What you’ll find in the posts below aren’t just generic lists. They’re real comparisons, practical tips, and clear breakdowns from people who’ve been there. You’ll see how misoprostol stacks up against other drugs for labor induction, how to manage its side effects, and what alternatives exist if it’s not right for you. Some posts dive into how it’s used in low-resource settings. Others explain how pharmacies handle it differently across countries. There’s no fluff—just what you need to know before you take it, give it, or help someone else use it.